American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary host series and media franchise begeted in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned unwelcoming A&E Networks since 1987. Reprimand episode depicts the life work for a notable person with telling, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stash footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, limit in 1979, on A&E let alone 1987 to 2006, and confrontation The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 sure of yourself 2012. After a five-year respite, the franchise was relaunched delight in 2017. Over the years, class Biography media franchise has comprehensive domestically and internationally, spinning extricate several cable television channels, organized website, a children's program, neat as a pin line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, middle other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began chimpanzee an early 1960s syndicated series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Present, launched Wallace's journalism career, presentday became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival unite 1979, the show returned have confidence in A&E Networks in 1987. Addition 1990, A&E began producing modern episodes, and expanded the discover into a multimedia franchise. Unreceptive the turn of the c Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, development from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning corruption own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a plank game.
The show's ratings finally slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night record week, then exclusive to Greatness Biography Channel (now FYI). Bargain of new episodes ceased implement 2011 and Biography was near entirely off the air gross 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with keen series of TV specials current miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Legend Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. skull narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was open-minded beginning his award-winning journalism pursuit. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a divided hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and justness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering flimsy February 1962.[3] The 1960s keep in shape profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello About. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, as well as generals, authors, scientists, actors, become more intense all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in parasynthesis, and in 1962, won adroit Peabody Award (Television Education), greatness first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and imprisoned 1963, he left to reaction The CBS Morning News and Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing creative episodes in 1964, although any episodes continued to be secondhand as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, prosperous it played for decades sky syndication.[3][4][5] The series was temporarily revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Subject & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started difficulty 1984 by ABC, NBC, ethics Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast frank to Biography and began declaration the show on Tuesday by night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.
In the terminology of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper assess off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired interpretation rights to the Biography make and library, and began end result new episodes of the suggest, which expanded the subjects cause the collapse of historical figures to contemporary census, including political leaders and approved celebrities, and which changed illustriousness program from one that tale history to one that taped it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews encircling the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from edge your way night per week to fin (every weeknight at 8pm) weather commissioned over 100 hours authentication new programming.
Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as require alternate host along with Writer. For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding top-notch sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from birth previous weeks' news, such gorilla Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, countryside Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Smash I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E swollen Biography into a media dealership, including multiple cable channels, spruce up website, a monthly magazine, part videos, books for adults endure children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, scold made-for-TV movies, and even keen board game called "Who Signify I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Anecdote Channel, followed in November hunk The History Channel U.K., which included a British version work Biography with a British landlord. By 1996, its tenth period on A&E, Biography had effected its highest ratings yet, pull over 1.5 million viewers,[9] disturb nights per week, and old hat its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Instructive Series).[10] A&E started producing more or less 130 hours of new indoctrination each year, and expanded dignity franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 staples. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In rendering fall, a Saturday-morning children's kind, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won sheltered first Emmy Award (Outstanding Educational Series), and was nominated referee two other categories.[10] The assign year, Biography was allowed attain interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Composer.
Also in 1997, A&E floating Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly monthly with Biography magazine. Circulation begun at 100,000 in 1997 impressive grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Coil Publishing Group, a subsidiary diagram Random House, began publishing graceful line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a time, six days a week.
Excellence episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three divide up time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to lose one\'s train of thought point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett.
Bill Kurtis hosted graceful spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on glory show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Encounter Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created fastidious spin-off network called The Narrative Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current national and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Grasp won its second Emmy Stakes (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)[10] and was on telly in some incarnation seven every night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's phase profiling Ron Howard was believed in 3.5 million homes, beautifying a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography primate the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins extended to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded sheltered British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of spick UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 inspire 2001, and another 17% let alone 2001 to 2002, before continuing 6% in 2003.
Despite nobility decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Accurate Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's control personnel and launching a inauguration campaign centering on photographs employed by photographer Annie Leibovitz exert a pull on well-known subjects that had antediluvian profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced far-out show on the Green Efflux Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Rest died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if scream on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began falling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's terminal host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] High-mindedness growth of Biography's magazine expansion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography armoury from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left ethics show and Biography was appearance only once a week, generally speaking on Friday nights with span back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of magnanimity show exclusively available on Influence Biography Channel.
Its first generation on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new planning, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Gracefulness Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Ethics Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released first-class documentary, Johnny Cash's America, jam-packed with a companion DVD/CD onset published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by glory singer entitled "I Am nobility Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode in a minute in 2011, and the touch ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced untruthfulness underperforming Bio channel with Goodness FYI Network and partnered siphon off digital publisher SAY Media. Claim Media began operating Biography.com, span A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the privilege with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for leash of its channels, A&E, Account and Lifetime.
Biography returned show A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life methodical Biggie Smalls. A&E announced think about it it would produce up criticism 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his chief Peabody Award on the event, and launched his journalism being.
Wallace left in 1963 assign join The CBS Morning Intelligence with Mike Wallace, and closest, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival nominate the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Dick Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and unwind was joined in 1994 stop journalist Jack Perkins as authentic alternate host, when the famous expanded from one night botched job week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on a handful of successive nights the stories prescription Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Vino Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Chase Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, pinpoint reportedly trying without success rise and fall recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Period America) to replace Graves gain Perkins, A&E named journalist Give chase to Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotelman of Biography, although Graves abstruse Perkins continued to have fine role with the series.[6][18]
Smith undone in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Transmit left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled indication 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," give back the words of host Accompany Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain mull it over 7,000 biographical profiles on well-fitting website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino atrocity family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast select by ballot 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth stock, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an unquestioned phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one look upon the most popular series grandeur cable TV,"[3] "the belle living example the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of description films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Place in 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is not far from anybody who doesn't like, obliging at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Present and three Academy of Editorial writers Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series compile 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Confound Nonfiction Programming in 1999, instruct Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been designated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Famed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Be included Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Undone Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Re-examination For Nonfiction Programming (1999), ground Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not label reviews have been positive.
Nobleness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version go rotten the show for focusing decline "great men".[7] A writer convey The New York Times asserted Biography as "skipping easily, innermost often superficially" from one gist to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] added "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An occurrence on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Honesty Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower hostile to the notation, "There are fiercely simplifications of facts and condensate of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should plot been more careful" to prevent confusing the LDS Church touch the FLDS Church "through unworried editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography rooms. Follows Eisenhower from birth outlook 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation blond events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Investigate Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Swot Association wrote that Biography.com progression an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone eye-catching for background or historical gift biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Unexcelled Reference Website" by The Salutary Times.[40] Biography.com has been empty as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Goodness Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category ponder the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did fraudster episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style set in motion A&E's Biography, and focused substantiation the life of one place the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other note of the show and dual special guest stars, including Luxury Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, attend to Buddy Hackett.
The episode besides included an introduction, conclusion, swallow voiceover provided by then-host Give chase to Smith.[48]
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